The research aimed to explore environmentally friendly behavior toward organic food among the academician community who are dominant in the higher education environment. The type of research is a survey. Population in this research were academician involved in consuming organic food in Indonesia. This research used a purposive sampling technique. The sample was determined by the criteria that academics have to consume organic food in daily life, have been consuming organic food for more than three years, and act as members of the Indonesian organic consumer group. The data used are primary data collected through surveys using a closed and open questionnaire. Data analysis techniques in this study used descriptive statistical techniques and factor analysis. The results show the tendency of academicians to consume organic food. The factors of the behavior of academicians\' environmentally friendly consumption toward organic food are the responsibility for the environment, subjective norms, information or knowledge, the impact of consumption, behavioral control and natural values that are oriented towards nature. Aspects that become obstacles to the behavior of academicians\' environmentally friendly consumption are price, availability, information or knowledge, and trust.

The present study screened 23 previously isolated and identified marine psychrotolerant strains for the production of bioflocculant. The critical factors affecting the production process and the bioflocculant activity were examined. Psychrobacter cibarius H41 AKF207755 exhibited high bioflocculation activity as 75.3%. The effect of different physical and nutritional factors on the bioflocculant production was determined. The bioflocculating activity was increased to 82.1% after incubation for 60 h and to 84.7% at pH 6.5 besides, sucrose and urea improved it. The type of cations, pH level, and temperature were examined on the produced bioflocculant, which reached to 90.3% at pH 9 and to 92.1% at 70ºC. The addition of FeSO4 raised the bioflocculant activity up to 94.0%. The concentrations of total protein, total carbohydrate, and total lipid were estimated for the partially purified bioflocculant as; 20.285, 31.215, and 12.2 g/l, respectively. In addition, the biosynthesis of silver AgNPs by the produced bioflocculant was carried out. It was found that the AgNPs can be synthesized using the bioflocculant, which remains stable up to 16 months. Characterization of these AgNPs by UV-spectroscopy, FTIR and TEM analyses takes place. The pH 11 supported the maximum synthesis of AgNPs at 2 mM AgNO3. TEM revealed that the size of the produced AgNPs ranged from 1.31 nm to17.45 nm and no agglomeration were observed. Upon the applicable level, the antimicrobial property of AgNPs synthesized by the bioflocculant of P. cibarius H41A KF207755 was confirmed. The concentration dosage that gave the optimum flocculating activity (92.5%) was 4.0 mg/ml. The bioflocculant obtained from P. cibarius H41A KF207755 can be used as a multifunctional material in different areas as aquaculture industry and wastewater treatment, as well as, production of bacteriocidal AgNPs.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an incurable metabolic disorder, with a global incidence of about 2.8%. Adverse effects of chemical drugs necessitated searching for medicinal plants as alternative therapies. Medemia argun (MA) is an ancient Egyptian palm, rich in proanthocyanidins (PACs), which are essential constituent of human diet. It was highly valued in ancient Egypt, although the reason for that is still unknown. \nMethods: Thirty male rats were allocated into 5 equal groups. Type I diabetes mellitus (DM Type I) was induced by single intraperitoneal (IP) injection of alloxan (120mg/kg). Animals were then treated by insulin (30 U/kg, daily) +/- MA seed ethanolic extract (100mg/kg, orally, once daily). Random blood sugar (RBS), liver transaminase activity (ALT and AST), albumin, total bilirubin as well as liver tissue were investigated in all groups.\nResults: MA when given solely by oral gavage, significantly lowered RBS either alone or with insulin. Similar effects were seen on serum bilirubin, albumin, AST, without affecting ALT. It also preserved hepatic cords, portal triad structures, sinusoids, Von-Kupffer cells and stroma better than insulin alone.\nConclusion: MA seed ethanolic extract potentially improved insulin outcomes in diabetes and restored liver tissue changes when used alone or combined to insulin.

Increased demand for conventional energy like coal, natural gas, and oil, forcing researchers to develop renewable or non-conventional energy resources. Renewable energy sources such as fuel cells, wind and solar have received considerable attention because of the ever-increasing demand and expectations for electricity. The most prominent and mature technology, including various technologies for harnessing solar energy, is the photovoltaic conversion from sunlight to electricity. To generate maximum solar energy, it is required to have more area on land in an open space to install solar panels and we know land is already a burning crisis in most of the countries. Through constructing a holding system of PV modules with a vertical pole on the ground and retaining the PV cells in a structure similar to branches and leaves of a natural tree, the minimum land can be used for optimum solar absorption through creating the maximum solar surface. Therefore, the system is called a solar PV tree. Solar photovoltaic tree structures reduce the area of installation in a very effective way and also increase efficiency by providing variable height and innovative design. Solar PV trees are artificial solar architectures that look like a natural tree. Solar tree designs are distinctive and created to provide specific support to various urban and natural environments. This paper presents a comprehensive review of available different designs and applications of solar photovoltaic trees in the world. This paper also reviewed the performance of solar PV tress in terms of energy, economic, and environmental.

Incomes vary considerably across individuals, and income elasticities vary across goods. Thus, the income effect for individuals at different points in the income distribution must be fully captured in order for a demand model to accurately predict households demand responses to income and price changes. The study estimated the Engel curves of the QUAIDS complete demand function for food commodities, and estimated the conditional price- and expenditure-elasticities to classify food commodities in south-eastern Nigeria as normal, necessaries and luxuries as income changes using micro-data from a random sample of 790 food consumer. The results showed that households in the region expend a higher portion of conditional food expenditure on carbohydrate foods, followed by protein foods and least on fruits and vegetables. The results of the QUAIDS model shows that more of the food commodities, except fish, are normal goods with chicken, garri, rice, yam, tomato and pepper as luxuries with less vulnerability to increases in the price for garri and fufu. However, the consumption of plantain, tomato and pepper changes from normal food commodities to inferior food commodities while the consumption of fish, fufu, onion and orange changes from inferior food commodities to normal food commodities as income of households reached the point where they can afford a more or less diverse diet. Households in south-eastern Nigeria households need fish, beef, plantain, rice, tomato, anion and pepper for their daily consumption with less extend of substitutability when food commodities become more expensive. The coefficients of the cross-price elasticities of majority of the food commodities are negative and income effects on consumer decision are more important than price to the consumption food commodities in south-eastern Nigeria. The effect of rising food prices in the region can be reduced by income compensation.

Forage cactus (Nopalea spp. and Opuntia spp.) are one of the main forages for use in livestock systems in the semiarid regions. Measurements of cladode area are required in agronomic studies because they are one of the main parameters used to evaluate photosynthetic efficiency, growth and plant yeld. Thus, this trial aimed to define the best models to estimate non-destructively the area and weight in Nopalea cochenillifera cladode (“Doce Miúda” clone) based on its linear dimensions of length, width and thickness. Were used 582 cladodes (191 primary; 186 secondary and 205 tertiary) randomly at 550 days after planting. The length, width, thickness and weight of each cladode were measured. Cladode area and weight were estimated through of the cladode morphometric characteristics using linear, power and gamma regression models. The criteria used to determine the best model(s) were as follows: high coefficient of determination, low sum of square of residuals, low Akaike information criterion and high Willmott index. The power regression model was the most efficient to explain the cladode area as a function of the product of cladode length by cladode width, and also most efficient to estimate the cladode weight as a function of the product of length by width and thickness this cladode. The power models, (RCA) ̂=LW0.985 and (WC) ̂=0.0045(T0.806 LW1.099), can used to determine the cladode area and cladode weight in Nopalea cochenillifera Doce Miúda clone, respectively, based at values of linear dimensions measured independently of the order of the cladode.