The present investigation was proposed to develop a suitable dipping tank model for organized piggery. A total of eighty one animals of both sexes of about one year of age (12 Months ± 1 month) belonging to Ghungroo, Hampshire and Duroc breeds were used for the study. Appropriate biometry in centimeters (body length, height at back, height at front, flank-to-flank and width) of the pigs from the aforementioned breed was taken with the help of measuring tape. A comparative study on morphometry revealed that as compared to the exotic breeds, indigenous breed’s (Ghunghroo) sow was massive than males. Exotic breeds’s barrel was cylindrical; however, indigenous one was bulky and elliptical. The initial width and length of holding area was found be 6 and 10 ft, respectively. The length, width and depth of dipping area were determined to be 7 ft, 2 ft and3 ft, respectively. This may be made flexible by the use of different levels of dipping solution, so that it could be adjusted depending on the class of the animal (Piglet/ Weaner/ Grower/ Fattening/ Mature) or breed of the pig (Ghungroo/ Hampshire/ Duroc). The slope at the entry point is of little importance, however, at the exit point, it should be at least 1 in 20 to avoid dip solution loss. So, Pigs must not be dipped regularly for efficient pig production system.
In recent years, wind energy has become one of the most important and promising sources of renewable energy, which demands additional transmission capacity and better means of maintaining system reliability. The evolution of technology related to wind systems industry leaded to the development of a generation of variable speed wind turbines that present many advantages compared to the fixed speed wind turbines. These wind energy conversion systems are connected to the grid through Matrix Converter. To harness the wind power efficiently the most reliable system in the present era is grid connected DFIG The contribution of this paper is to improve the power quality of a Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) by reducing the harmonics of the output current and voltage. In the existing system, the proposed algorithm is applied to a Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) with a stator directly connected to the grid and a rotor connected to the grid through a back-to-back AC-DC-AC PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) converter. A DFIG uses a two stage power converter process in the rotor circuit which contributes to the electrical losses in the system. By adopting a matrix converter, the electrical losses may be reduced as the power conversion is conducted as a single stage process. Simulation results are presented for the DFIG based WECS and the results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed system in terms of power quality improvement.
The post harvest management/handing of some fruits were looked into in Yanlemu Market: a major fruit market in Kano state. A structure questionnaire was used to obtain information on the socio-economic characteristics, the methods of fruits handling system, Fruit storage system and its shelf life and Post harvest management of fruits in the study area. The study revealed that all the marketers were males, 52% had no formal education, and 71.43% of the respondents were mainly fruit marketers. Most of the respondents do sorting 88.10% while 12% doesn’t. No storage facilities were used in the study area to preserve the fruits from rotten after harvesting as at the time of study. They either store fruits inside raffia baskets (46.43%), shops (33.33%), inside bags covered with jute bags (20.24%). All the fruit sellers do not add preservatives. 95.23% of the fruits sellers believed that their storage method is ineffective. All the respondents don’t engage in value addition to fruits in the area of processing into juices, jams or dehydrated products. Most of the marketers claim that they do sell most of their produce within a week but In situations when there are no buyers, 38.10% said they sell it at a giveaway price, 14.28% give as gift to people, 26.19% still prefer to keep it with until it spoils while 21.43% consume it. The result indicates that all the identified factors have an impact on post harvest management. Given the threat of fruit loss and insecurity in the study area, it is suggested that training on post harvest handling be conducted, also adequate and effective storage structures be put in place to ease wastages.
The focal aim of the present investigation was to study the foremost chromosomal aberrations (CA) like deletion, translocation, inversion and mosaic in schizophrenic subjects of Tamilnadu, Southern India. Totally 65 blood samples were collected from various hospitals in Tamilnadu, Southern India. Equal numbers of physically and mentally healthy subjects were serve as a control. In the present study chromosomal examinations were carry out by using the GTG banding technique on 65 schizophrenics and finally the results were ensured by spectral karyotyping (SKY) technique. All the patients had random numerical and structural aberrations were identified. Structural aberrations predominated and usually consisted of deletions, translocation, inversion and mosaicism of various chromosomes. Present study has detected 1, 7, 9, 11, 21, 22 and X, suggested that these chromosomal scratches are prevalent in schizophrenics. In comparison with experimental subjects, the control subjects exhibited very low (p<0.05) levels of major CA. In the present study, the high frequency of chromosomal rearrangements designates a potential role for mitotic indiscretion coupled with the centromeric disruption. The reason for this might be that these anomalies increase risk for schizophrenia in a relatively nonspecific way, such as contributing to disruption of normal biological system. Identification of these chromosome alterations may be helpful\nto understanding further molecular basis research of the disease in better way.