Abstract:One of today's most quickly developing technologies is the Internet of Things (IoT). There are now more threats and risks to its security than ever before. In order to tackle present and future IoT issues, machine learning is an effective technology that can be used to identify risks and threats in intelligent systems. In today’s world, credit card is the most popular payment mode for both online and offline. Consumers rely on online shopping and online bill payment, which cases of fraud associated with it are also increasing. With the developments in the communication channels, fraud is spreading all over the world resulting in huge financial losses. Fraud detection is the essential tool and probably the best way to stop fraud types. There is a technique of finding an optimal solution for a problem and implicitly generate the results using machine learning and genetic algorithm. The aim is to develop a model to detect fraudulent transactions and improves a credit card fraud detection solution with some machine learning algorithms such as GA, DT, LR, KNN, SVC, and ANN based on the RUST and SMOTE techniques. The experiments are conducted on the BCCFDD and DCCCD datasets to analyze the model using the dimension reduction transformers (T-SNE, PCA, and Truncated SVD). The performance of the classification model analyzed in terms of confusion matrix, the model ROC curve analysis, and accuracy. The evaluation finding is analyzed and compared. As proof of concept, a Credit Card Fraud Detection System (CCFDS) is developed to detect the credit card fraud based on the principles of the GA and showed the effectiveness of proposed approach. This algorithm is an optimization technique and evolutionary search based on the principles of genetic and natural selection, heuristic used to solve high complexity computational problems.
Abstract:Nepovirus Grapevine FanLeaf Virus (GFLV) is among the viruses that cause the infectious degeneration of grapevines. It is transmitted by the ectoparasitic nematode Xiphenema index. This study aimed to investigate the GFLV virus in 25 vineyards located in north-central Algeria and occupied by nine different grape varieties. Several surveys were carried out during the period 2015-2023, to collect samples presenting typical symptoms of a possible GFLV infection. Immunological screening for GFLV in the 376 samples collected was carried out using the specific DAS-ELISA technique. Our results showed the presence of typical GFLV symptoms in all the vineyards surveyed. Statistical analysis using the FACM technique demonstrated that the most discriminating symptoms are growth retardation, developmental anomalies, and flower abortion. Anomalies display correlations with deformation and growth delays at proportions of 65.3% and 61%, respectively. Similarly, sagging correlates with these symptoms at a rate of 69.5%. Furthermore, growth delay exhibits a notable correlation of 78.6% with the symptom of flower aboration. The DAS-ELISA serological test shows an infection rate of 43.35% on 376 samples tested. Dattier Beyrouth and Dabouki grape varieties are the most infected, with infection rates of 25.15% and 22.70%, respectively, which represents almost half of all the samples tested. The SO4 rootstock has the highest infection rate, with a 52.15% infection rate.
Abstract:Sustainable agriculture plays an important role in agricultural productivity in that it seeks to reduce chemical fertilizers use and promote the use of alternative, low-cost and environmentally friendly sources. In this sense, basalt dust has shown potential to improve soil fertility and crop nutrition. Thus, an experiment was carried out with the goal to evaluate the potential impact of a basaltic rock flour "Farina di Basalto" type XF on growth parameters of tomato crop under greenhouse. Total leaves content of flavonoids, polyphenols and antioxidant activity were also investigated. Experiments were carried out in a pot system using substrate drenches to apply the basalt flour at different levels, (0%, 1.5%, 3% and 4.5%). The growing media chosen for the trials consisted of a mixture of soil, perlite and potting soil (1:1:1:). The results showed that increasing basalt flour to 4.5%, increased significantly growth parameters of tomato plants. However, for plant height and shoot length, increasing dose from 3% to 4.5% was not significant. Results showed also that leaves dry matter, flavonoids and polyphenols contents were negatively affected when increasing dose to 4.5%. Although, applying of 3% of basalt flour was the most effective in improving antioxidant compounds in tomato plants, the higher antioxidant activity was obtained by applying of 4.5% basalt flour. These results showed the usefulness of basalt flour in improving plant growth parameters and phytochemical compounds offering the possibility of using it as both a natural fertilizer and a biostimulant in sustainable agriculture.
Abstract:This study is grounded in the idea that methods such as Collaborative and Resilience-Oriented Practices (CROPs) can boost resilience in both teachers and students. By exploring how schools in the Israeli community coped with the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic, we delved into the educational landscape of adolescents to understand the development of resilience. This article provides a comparative analysis of nations identified in research literature as having a collectivist social culture (Japan, Thailand, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Taiwan), alongside countries recognized in diverse indices for their individualistic social culture (Louisiana in the USA, Canada, Spain, Germany). Subsequently, the Israeli case study is explored in this comparative context. To ensure a diverse representation within the school population, a purposive sampling method was utilized to select interviewees based on specific criteria, resulting in interviews with seven school principals representing various social demographics. The research uncovers a lack of support for education staff during the COVID-19 crisis in Israel, indicating a reactive rather than proactive approach that predominantly prioritizes students. Emphasizing the importance of implementing CROPs in education, the study underscores the significance of preparing youth as ambassadors of resilience in the community.
Abstract:The leaves of P. symmeria were subjected to maceration using chloroform, ethanol, and aqueous. The various extracts were subjected to qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis. Theantioxidant activity was measured by their ability to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2?-azino-bis-(3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and superoxide anions (O2�(-)) radicals. An antibacterial susceptibility test was performed against the bacterial strain Escherichia. coli (ATCC-25922), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC-11447) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC-10031) using disc diffusion method. The Minimum Inhibitory concentration (MIC) was performed using the broth microdilution method, and the Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined by plating samples from the well of MIC and above concentration on a new agar plate. Various phytochemicals, such as tannins, terpenoids, steroids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and phlobatannins, were present in the various extracts of P. symmeria. Phytochemical analysis by LC-MS revealed the presence of 34 major compounds. The ethanol extract exhibited the highest total phenolic and flavonoid content and showed the lowest IC50 value, making it the most potent radical scavenger. The various extracts of P. symmeria also suppressed the growth of the organisms tested in a concentration-dependent manner. Therefore, our results suggested that P. symmeria extracts contain various phytochemicals that possess anti-radical and anti-bacterial activities.
Abstract:It is most probable that the pandemic with its disruptive and devastating impact to the economy could have changed the risk profile of the listed companies in different jurisdictions. Based on the fact that the King IV report on corporate governance requires listed companies to disclose risk management in their integrated reports in South Africa, the main goal of this study is to assess if the COVID-19 impact culminated into the changing risk profiles of the top 40 JSE listed companies. This is a qualitative research study which employed empirical content analysis of annual integrated reports for the top 40 JSE listed companies from 2019 representing the preCOVID-19 period and 2020-2021 representing the years during covid-19, and 2022 representing a post-COVID-19 period. A comparative of the risk profiles through the four years was made to identify the risks that emerged during the pandemic and dropped or continued post-COVID-19. The results indicated that 70% of the forty sampled companies recognised the COVID-19 related risks as emerging risks and added them on their companies’ risk profiles while 30% did not. Most of the 30% that did not recognise COVID-19 related risks as emerging risks were from those companies that rendered the deemed essential services during the 21-day lockdown effected in South Africa at the onset of the pandemic. It can be concluded that the COVID-19 impact culminated in the changing risk profiles for the majority of the top 40 JSE listed companies.
Abstract:Industrial heritage buildings are cultural buildings that carry the social, cultural, historical and architectural characteristics of their period to the present day and should be preserved. Buildings such as the Alsancak Tekel Factory, which used to operate in the industrial field and serve as a production facility, have lost their original function by losing their use value over time and have become idle. These settlements symbolize the periods of the past and carry a historical meaning. It is important in terms of sustainability that industrial heritage buildings are preserved and put into use by both functionalizing them and transforming them into areas that different users can visit. It is necessary to restore industrial heritage buildings with appropriate interventions and functions, taking into account their cultural values and spatial potentials, and to transfer them to new generations within the discipline of conservation. This article aims to examine the process of re-functionalization of an old factory from the perspective of preserving the architectural heritage value of industrial buildings and its contribution to urban life through the example of ?zmir Culture and Art Factory. The transformation of Alsancak Tekel Factory, which was used as a production facility in the past, into a culture and arts center is examined in detail by addressing issues such as the history of the factory, its location, restoration process and new functions added. The positive effects of the building on the city life and the values it has brought to the city life are discussed in detail with the improvement, consolidation and strengthening applications brought to the factory. As a result of this process, the effects of the building on people are evaluated by considering the contributions of new areas such as museums, libraries, art workshops and recreation areas and contemporary-artistic activities to the economic, cultural and social dimensions of people.
Abstract:The present study evaluated the efficiency of two feeding techniques (broadcast feeding and mechanical feeding) during the fattening of whiteleg shrimp Litopennaeus vannamei in a semi-intensive system. Six growing ponds pertaining to the Practica Veracruzana aquaculture production unit were used to test each technique. Two stocking densities (32 and 35 organisms per square meter) were used for each treatment in each pond, which measured one hectare in area. The production parameters used as a reference during the present study were weekly shrimp growth, survival rate, and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The same type of feed was used for both treatments throughout the experiment, with only the feeding technique changed. The non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test (?:0.05) was used to analyze the growth and FCR results, while a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the survival results obtained. Both analyses revealed no statistically significant differences between the treatments in terms of weekly growth (P= 0.89), FCR (P=0.11), or the percentage of survival (P= 0.88). On the other hand, the financial analysis conducted found that broadcast feeding generates greater financial benefits throughout the lifetime of the culture, with cost-benefit analysis showing that, for every peso spent, the broadcast feeding technique obtained 0.22 pesos more in profit than the mechanical feeding technique.
Abstract:This work aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition of C. aurantium and C.sinensis essential oils and aqueous extracts and their antioxidant, insecticidal, repellent and phytotoxic potential. The chemical composition of essential oils, isolated by hydrodistillation, was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). High percentages of monoterpenes hydrocarbons was revealed (93.53 and 98%). Limonene was identified as main compound (88.77 and 95.12% for C. sinensis and C. aurantium, respectively) in the two analysed species. Nevertheless, C. sinensis essential oil was distinguished by the presence of Linalool (5.63%). Aqueous extracts showed considerable contents of total phenols (27.54 and 46.89 mgEGA/mg DW), total flavonoids (7.47-10.18 mg EQ/gDW), and condensed tannins (3.7 and 4.46 mg EC/gDW). The antioxidant capacity determined by 1,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) revealed that aqueous extracts exhibited the best activity (IC50= 33.8 μg/mL and 57.41 μg/mL) which was correlated to their phenolic contents. The insecticidal and repellent activities were also evaluated against insect pest of stored wheat, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae). The Basalt, "Farina di Basalto", which is a volcanic rock and a natural fertilizer rich in nutriments was also used for this test. Significantly higher insecticidal activity of C.aurantium essential oil (LC90= 38.173 mg/ml) and basalt (LC90=56.703 mg/ml) were recorded when compared to aqueous extracts. The best repellent capacity was revealed for C. aurantium essential oil. The present findings revealed also that basalt powder showed an important germination rate, and stimulated radicle and hypocotyl length.
Abstract:Background: Green tea\'s beneficial health effects are largely ascribed to its polyphenolic chemicals, particularly its catechins, of which EGCG is the most prevalent and potent. Regularly consuming excessive amounts of green tea may lead to the loss of mature, elongated spermatids, which can hamper spermatogenesis. This study aims to evaluate the effects of green tea on the sexual qualities of male hamsters and to discover whether the liver, epididymis, and testis can be examined histologically. Methods: green tea effectives on reproductive tract of hamster rats were investigated throughout 35 male hamster rats. They were divided into 5 groups. A group of different concentrations was prepared (2%–4%, 6%–8%). After exposing the hamsters to different doses of green tea for 35 days, they were anesthetized and dissected, and a sample of some tissues of liver, testis, and epididymis for histological examination. The semen sample was collected and transferred to the laboratory for analysis the sperm number, account, motility and morphology. Results: The concentration of sperms is significantly (P≤0.05) increased at different concentrations (2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%) when compared to the control group. The sperm motility of group 4% is significantly (P≤0.05) increased. A significant rise on the number of sperms in addition to normal of morphological properties of sperm in each individual lumen for all dosed groups as compared to the control group. The significant enlarged liver of treated groups with green tea compared with control. Conclusion: According to the study\'s findings, green tea benefits the tissues in the reproductive organs of male hamster rats. The study discovered a specific correlation between higher sperm count, motility, and morphology with green tea concentrations. Whereas liver enlargement was detected regarding all treated groups with green tea compared to control.